б) Переведите на русский язык:

1. greater shortage; 2. lower equilibrium price; 3. increased demand; 4. greater influence; 5. decreased input; 6. reduced government intervention; 7. greater restrictions

15. Перепишите предложения, заменяя подчеркнутые придаточные предложения причастными оборотами.

ОБРАЗЕЦ 1: Resources can be a serious factor that limits production. – > Resources can be a serious factor limiting production.

1. Firms that produce computers act as buyers in the markets for the services of computer programmers.

2. A nation's income is the sum of the incomes of ail the people who live in that country.

3. There are several factors that determine a consumer's demand,

4. Individuals, families and governments that consume goods and services are called consumers in economics.

ОБРАЗЕЦ 2: Consumers typically buy a smaller quantity of the good that is sold at a higher price, – > Consumers typically buy a smaller quantity of the good sold at a higher price.

1. Supply restrictions that are imposed by cartels are as characteristic of industrialized economies as of developing economies.

2. Excess supply is a situation in which the quantity of a good that is demanded bv buyers is less than the quantity that is supplied by producers.

3. Society increasing the quantity of one good that is produced at one time typically reduces the quantity of another good that is produced at the same time.

4. Some of the inputs that an individual uses are food, chairs and tables, but another input of great importance is time. The consumer's time is limited, and this time limitation as well as his or her limited income influence the decisions that are made in dav-to-dav life.

ОБРАЗЕЦ 3: When societies act through their governments, they can make decisions on allocation of scarce resources. – > Acting through their governments, societies can make decisions on allocation of scarce resources.

1. When we put demand and supply together, we can determine equilibrium prices and quantities in different markets.

2. When it increases the quantity of one good produced at one time, the society reduces the produced quantity of another good as its resources are scarce.

3. When people consume goods and services, they provide a basis for further production.

4. As they make up a major portion of the national income. US high technology industries dominate and influence almost all other industries in the country.

16. Вставьте предлоги, где это необходимо.

1… a mixed economy the government may be a producer… private goods, for example, steel and motor cars.

2. An increase… the price… an input will lead to a reduction… the demand… that input.

3. The firm can sell as much as it wants… the market price.

4. A consumer's tastes and income as well as prices… other goods influence… his or her demand.

5. Consumers almost always respond to an increase… a good's price… a reduction… the quantity… it consumed… them.

6. A change… the supply… a good and… its demand both influence… its equilibrium price.

7. Rupert Murdoch, the media magnate, is planning to supply the services… his network… satellites… Internet development. If Internet is operated… satellites, there will be access… it… televisions and mobile phones, not only… personal computers… the near future.

8… a command economy, plans are imposed… producers… government agencies.

9. Scientists and engineers have been developing substitutes… natural building materials… several past decades.

10. Supplying people… food as well as industry… raw materials, agriculture is… great importance… an economy.