2. Governments buy and produce many goods and services, such as defence, education, parks, and roads for firms and individuals.

3. Firms producing computers act as buyers in the markets for the services of computer programmers.

4. Governments, through their control of the quantity of money in the economy, can influence business activity.

5. With a reduction in input prices firms will supply more of a good at each price.

6. Inflation is a rise in the level of prices as demand is higher than supply because of an increase in the supply of money.

7. When there is a harvest failure, the producers' supply will decrease.

8. Supply restrictions imposed by cartels are as characteristic of industrialized economies as of developing economies.

9. Private sector in a mixed economy is that part of the economy that is controlled by private firms, not by government or corporations.

10. Excess supply is a situation in which, at a certain price, the quantity of a good demanded by buyers is less than the quantity supplied by producers.

22. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. По мере того как цена товара растет, требуемое количество его уменьшается.

2. Положение в странах с низким доходом улучшилось с 1965 года.

3. Задача максимальной цены состоит в том, чтобы уменьшить цену для потребителей, а задача минимальной цены заключается в том, чтобы поднять цену для производителей и поставщиков.

4. Увеличение предложения ведет к повышению равновесного количества и понижению равновесной цены.

5. Когда цены будут уменьшены до равновесной цены, не будет товарных излишков.

6. Если цена одного товара падает, а цены других товаров, требуемых потребителем, остаются теми же самыми, то потребитель будет покупать более дешевые товары вместо дорогого товара.

23. а) Раскройте скобки и употребите глаголы в соответствующей форме.

What (to happen) to the equilibrium price of a product when its quantity (to.supply) by producers (to change)? For example, with an improvement in technology of wheat production wheat farmers (to wish) and (to be) able (to supply) more wheat at a given price than they (to do) before. How it (to influence) the equilibrium price? Clearly, it (to fall). But if the weather (to be) poor, the (to supply) quantity of wheat (to decrease). How it (to influence) the equilibrium price? It (to go) up.

In 1984, police officers (to concern) with narcotics consumption in the United States (to show) what a change in (to supply) quantity (can) (to do). There (to be) a massive increase in the quantity of coca production in South America and the quantity of cocaine (to supply) to the United States (to raise) dramatically. The result (to be) a big fall in the price of cocaine. In some parts of the United States, cocaine (to sell) in 1984 for one-half to one-third the price of a year before. One of federal officials (to say): 'At no time in the modem history of international drug control the price of a drug (to drop) by half so quickly"

б) Напишите пять вопросов к тексту.

Аудиторная работа № 3

24. Вставьте в предложения следующие слова в соответствующей форме:

to impose, the same, surplus, to buy, consumer, to rise, to increase, equilibrium price, as well as, to fall, shortage (2), inputs, normal

… are the factors of production (land, labour, capital, materials) that are put into a business to produce goods and services.

When all goods are…, lower consumer income reduces the demanded quantity for all goods.

When the Beatles and Rolling Stones first became popular and the singers wore long hair, the demand for haircuts (стрижка) suddenly….