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1 Невидимые уроки прошлого: Ошибка выжившего и её влияние
Систематическая ошибка выжившего искажает наше понимание исторического развития, заставляя фокусироваться на успешных примерах, которые чаще сохраняются в памяти поколений. Истории неудач, упадка и стагнации нередко забываются, создавая иллюзию неуклонного прогресса. Чтобы противостоять этой предвзятости, современные историки стремятся заново открыть «потерянные истории» – недооцененные достижения прошлого, проливающие свет на реальную траекторию исторического развития.