2. The marginal product of labour is how much each extra worker (adds to /makes up) total output.

3. In a dynamic political society old statistic systems have to be (replaced / determined) by new ones.

4. If a person can do what he wishes with his own (property / output), time, and energy, then economists say that he is economically free.

5. The price of a good in a market is (determined / measured) by the law of demand and supply

6. (Gross/aggregate) demand is the total amount of (spending/ depreciation) on (final / domestic) goods and services.

7. You and your family have an annual (годовой) income which allows you to consume various goods and services, live in a particular neighbourhood (район) and maintain a certain (standard of living/fiscal policy).

Задание на дом № 2

10. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на использование инфинитива.

1. Stabilization policy is government actions to control the level of output in order to keep the GNP close to its full-employment level.

2. Although money is a helpful tool to measure output, there may arise certain difficulties.

3. A: ting through their governments, societies can decide how much they want to take measures to change the distribution of income.

4. Economists consider capital to be the property owned by an individual or corporation at a given time.

5. Governments regulate the level of aggregate demand in order to maintain full employment and stimulate economic growth.

6. As taxes affect levels of prices for various groups of goods, they influence the way to allocate resources in the economy.

7. To calculate depreciation is necessary in order to know the value of the assets of an enterprise.

11. Вставьте в тексты (а) и (б) указанные ниже предлоги и союзы, где это необходимо:

in, to, of, while, by, who, which, on, since, through, where, however, for

а) Household is a group of people… make economic decisions together. In economic theory households have two roles: they enter the market as buyers or consumers… goods and services produced… firms and they provide… factor inputs… firms… order to produce those goods and services. The term «household» is used… national income analysis, supply and demand analysis it is replaced… the term «consumer»,

б) Black economy is nonmarket economic activity… is not included… the national income accounts, either because such activity does not pass… the market or because it is illegal. Illegal economic activity may exist in the usual price system… is determined… demand and supply. Examples may be the purchase and sale of illegal drags… the street, or alcohol… the US prohibition era… the 1920s.

…, some nonmarket activity is carried out… non-profit-making purposes. For example, a housewife provides services… her family. Other nonmarket activity is done… a barter basis, for example…. a mechanic selves a motor car of an electrician… in return helps the mechanic install light fittings (установить осветительную аппаратуру)… the house…. there has been no money paid, the activity does not add… the G DP and so does not exist for statistics.

в) Напишите пять вопросов к тексту (б).

г) Кратко передайте содержание текста (б).

12. Измените следующие предложения, используя формы страдательного залога.

1. Final goods absorb the value of intermediate components and services.

2. The GDP does not include the value of imported goods and services.

3. We won't rely upon the statistics provided by the agency.

4. Chemists and engineers are looking for alternative automobile fuels.

5. The natural resources examination data have made up the basis for a nationwide environment conservation project.