11. When more labour is invested… a commodity, the latter becomes more expensive.

Аудиторная работа № 2

14. Укажите, какие предложения не соответствуют содержанию текста Factors of Production: Capital and Labour. Дайте правильный вариант.

1. In economics, the term «capital» refers to labour and natural resources used to produce goods.

2. Physical capital is more important for production than financial one.

3. Fixed capital includes such durable means of production as land, buildings, machinery, and equipment.

4. Unproductive labour is less important for society than productive one.

5. Labour efficiency can vary greatly from one enterprise to another depending on management of work and workers' motivation.

6. The demand for labour depends on the size of population, geographic mobility and human capital.

7. It is possible for an economy to achieve full employment.

15. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предлагаемых в скобках вариантов.

1. (Like / Unlike) physical capital, human capital is expensive.

2. A man's budget constraint is determined by the total amount of time (following / available) over a given period such as a day, a month, a year.

3. Individuals can (either/neither) spend their income on consumption (or/nor) save it.

4. A person has an income which allows him to consume (efficient/various) goods and services and live in a particular neighbourhood (район).

5. In labour markets many aspects are regulated: paid holidays, the length of working day and week and other aspects of the (employment / contribution) relationship.

6. Changing policies (require/vary with) constant updating (обновление) of statistical systems.

7. How the European Union's statistical system is adapting to (requirements/values) in the 21st century is of importance (either/ both) inside (or/and) outside the EU.

8. Some part of (circulating capital/fixed capital), for example equipment, loses its value in the (cost of production /production process), another part of (circulating capital /fixed capital), for example land, may grow in value.

16. Замените подчеркнутые слова и словосочетания словом-заместителем one.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: Some businessmen think that older workers are more reliable than younger workers. – > Some businessmen think that older workers are more reliable than younger ones.

1. The firms prefer the factor of production retaining its old price to the factor of production that has become more expensive.

2. The new technology used now in less developed countries is taken from the developed countries.

3. It is necessary to replace this inefficient equipment with the new equipment.

4. The production cycle for manufacturing Coca Cola and some other drinks in Russia is not the same as the production cycle in West Europe.

5. Generally, the value of renewable resources is not so high as the value of non-renewable resources.

17. Составьте предложения из двух подходящих по смыслу частей.

1. Infrastructure equipment

2. Large Pakistani population living in many countries

3. Long-term-unemployed workers lose

4. Minimum wages

5. Like physical capital such as factory and machinery, human capital

6. It is required that all goods and services

7. Economists use the word «capital» for goods

8. The national labour force

9. Capital includes such non-renewable goods as

10. Efficiency is

11. Means of production are

a. the human capital and contact with the active labour force.

b. the relationship between factor inputs and outputs of goods and services.

c. the same as factors of production.

d. (roads, bridges, telecommunications) is often publicly owned and operated.