Neural Circuits of Dominance: Dopamine and Oxytocin

When you enter the dynamics of power or submission, your brain initiates complex biological processes that turn these roles into sources of pleasure and emotional stability. This is not just a psychological experience – it is a neurochemical dance in which two hormones play the leading roles: dopamine and oxytocin. Together, they shape your response to control and trust, explaining why these states can be so attractive and liberating.

Dopamine: The Hormone of Motivation and Reward

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter responsible for motivation, anticipation, and the feeling of reward. When you take control, your brain rewards you with a surge of dopamine. This activates the reward system, giving you a sense of elevation, confidence, and satisfaction. You feel like you’re doing something right, that the world is in your hands. Power becomes not only an act of dominance but also a source of pleasure that comes from within.

Interestingly, submission, contrary to stereotypes, also stimulates the dopamine system. When you let go of control, the brain interprets this as a reduction in cognitive load. Cortisol levels – the stress hormone – decrease, while dopamine, on the contrary, rises, rewarding you for the ability to trust. This state resembles the feeling of peace after prolonged tension when you allow yourself to simply exist.

Research published in the Journal of Neuroscience (2017) shows that dopamine levels increase by 25-30% during both experiences of power and conscious submission. Both states activate the striatum – the brain’s reward center – reducing anxiety and enhancing a sense of satisfaction.

Oxytocin: The Hormone of Trust and Closeness

If dopamine is responsible for pleasure, oxytocin governs connection and trust. This hormone is often called the "love hormone," but its role is much broader. When you are in a situation of submission, your brain releases oxytocin, helping you feel calm and secure. You allow yourself to let go of control and trust your partner, which reduces the hyperactivity of the amygdala – the brain’s fear center.

Oxytocin also plays an important role in dominance. When you take responsibility for another person, this hormone stimulates empathy, care, and a sense of mutual connection. Thus, power ceases to be an act of suppression and transforms into a way of creating deep social bonds.

A study published in Nature Neuroscience (2018) indicates that oxytocin levels increase by 35-40% when a person is in a trusting relationship. This explains why both power and submission can bring a sense of emotional comfort if they occur in the context of mutual agreement.

How the Brain Works in These States

When you assume the role of power or submission, three key brain areas are activated:

Prefrontal cortex: Responsible for analyzing the situation and making conscious decisions. It helps you determine when to take control and when to let go.

Amygdala: Usually responsible for anxiety, it calms down thanks to oxytocin and dopamine, allowing you to feel safe.

Striatum: The reward center amplifies the feeling of pleasure, strengthening your connection with a partner or situation.

These processes make power and submission not just social roles but states that literally reprogram your brain, helping you feel confident and stable.

These neurochemical mechanisms explain why power and submission evoke such strong emotions. It’s not just a play of roles but a biological need that helps you reduce stress, strengthen connections, and discover new points of mindfulness. Power provides a sense of strength and control; submission brings a sense of trust and safety. Together, they become tools that help you better understand yourself and your interaction with the world.