словосочетанием:
They took necessary measures. – Они приняли необходимые меры.
одним словом:
The 13rd World championships in athletics took place in Berlin.
13-ый чемпионат мира по легкой атлетике прошел в Берлине.
Список фразеологических единиц, часто встречающихся в медицинской литературе
Задание 1.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на устойчивые словосочетания.
1. In the case of possibly life-threatening illness, a patient may be treated by a dozen or more specialists, each with their area of medical expertise.
2. In general, no information can be released at all without patient consent, unless there are exceptional circumstances.
3. More procedures are now being performed in a surgeon's office, rather than in an operating room.
4. Many people start running in order to win the battle of the bulge.
5. Most forms of bowling may be categorized as either indoor or outdoor.
6. Wheelchair Curling is governed by and played according to the rules of the World Curling Federation (WCF), with only one modification for wheelchair users – no sweeping – and is practiced by athletes in 16 countries.
7. The categories apply for both summer and winter paralympics.
8. Ischemia can be due to thrombosis, embolism, or systemic hypoperfusion. Hemorrhage can be due to intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage. ~80 % of strokes are due to ischemia.
9. In fact, the consequences of childhood injury may simply be more difficult to detect in the short term.
10. In the case of a child with frontal brain injury, the impact of the damage may be undetectable until that child fails to develop normal executive functions in his or her late teens and early twenties.
11. Passing in Goalball can take place within the eight seconds, and players may move about the court to adopt favourable positions.
12. All athletes who use contact lenses or correcting glasses normally must wear them during classification, whether or not they intend to use them during competition.
13. Goalball is open to athletes with a visual impairment.
14. While a game of Gaolball is in progress, the gymnasium is completely silent so as to allow the players to concentrate and react instantly to the ball.
15. Remember that alcohol ruins both health and character.
16. The injury causes the victim to lose total or partial use of the arms and legs.
17. The water environment is very suitable for treatment of static’s impairments and incorrect body position.
18. In general physical education and sport are social values which form an important component of the culture.
19. Relaxation massage is done according to the client’s wishes: relaxation, elimination of insomnia, melancholy from weather, detoxication of organism, weight decreasing, ache decreasing, and skin care.
20. Ergotherapy is a therapy using the labour activity in order to achieve better reeducation of the body functions
Задание 2.
Переведите текст письменно со словарем, обращая внимание на устойчивые словосочетания.
CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS
People have tried to understand the causes of mental illness for thousands of years. The modern era of psychiatry, which began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, has witnessed a sharp debate between biological and psychological perspectives of mental illness. The biological perspective views mental illness in terms of bodily processes, whereas psychological perspectives emphasize the roles of a person’s upbringing and environment.
These two perspectives are exemplified in the work of German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin and Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Kraepelin, influenced by the work in the mid-1800s of German psychiatrist Wilhelm Griesinger, believed that psychiatric disorders were disease entities that could be classified like physical illnesses. That is, Kraepelin believed that the fundamental causes of mental illness lay in the physiology and biochemistry of the human brain. His classification system of mental disorders, first published in 1883, formed the basis for later diagnostic systems. Freud, on the other hand, argued that the source of mental illness lay in unconscious conflicts originating in early childhood experiences. Freud found evidence for this idea through the analysis of dreams, free association, and slips of speech.