3. Consumer demand is not the quantity that the consumers would like to have but the quantity that they want to pay for, (то есть), demand in the economic sense (смысл).

4. Economic system is the (конкретный) way in which the economic activity in a country is organized, such as capitalism or socialism.

5. The model of consumer (расходы) on different goods (зависит от) the level of consumer income.

6. Increases in the quantities demanded typically (изменяются) with different goods as incomes rise.

7. Energy demand will increase at about 3.6 percent (в год) (в) the coming ten years in the USA

11. Выберите правильную форму причастия из предлагаемых в скобках вариантов.

1. Market is an (organizing / organized) group of buyers and sellers of a particular good who are in contact with each other and who know the level of demand and supply so that there is only one price (calling/called) the market price.

2. Changes in prices of the products (producing/produced) with the same resources will change the supply.

3. The economist is interested in factors (affecting/affected) the allocation of resources for producing particular goods.

4. Excess supply is a situation in which, at a certain price, the quantity of a particular product (demanding/demanded) by buyers is less than the quantity (supplying/ supplied) by industry.

5. Improvements in technology may be a factor (leading to / led to) changes in supply

6. At constant prices, an increase in income leads to an (increasing/increased) consumption.

7. Every day in thousands of markets, consumers show which goods they prefer (making/made) practical choices and (spending/spent) money on some particular goods rather than others.

Задание на дом № 2

12. Вставьте в предложения следующие слова и словосочетания в соответствующей форме:

choice, to obtain (2), number, that is, within (2), to maintain, constant, rather than, per (4), provided, to result in, to assume, to choose

1. We assume that the consumer prefers to have more of a good….. less.

2… the good whose price has risen is a normal good, the economist can… that the demand for it will fall.

3. A constant level of utility is… through correct choice of goods or services that can be… at one time.

4. The lower price….. additional demand.

5. People must often make a… between two or more goods. They usually… the good with the highest utility… the limited budget, choose the cheapest good.

6. Income is usually counted… year, but sometimes also… month or even… week.

7. The man having a credit card has to pay… a certain… of days for everything that he has bought with its help during the month.

8. We do not assume that… acre productivity will remain… as modern agricultural technology allows farmers to… better results.

13. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу причастие I или причастие II от глаголов, данных в скобках. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The theory of consumer choice (to base) on individual utility shows how different tastes result in different demands for the same goods.

2. The theory of supply assumes that the producer (to depend) on a production technology wants to maximize profit.

3. A subsidy is money (to give) by a government to some producers, for example farmers, to help them to produce at a low price the goods or services (to need) by the public.

4. In a dynamic economy, the factors (to influence) the level of demand and supply, are changing.

5. Expenditure is an amount of money (to spend).

6. The price of land (to call) rent depends on supply and demand.

14. Вставьте пропущенные предлоги, где это необходимо.