(6), 596–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2016.02.003

53.Saunders, J. B., Degenhardt, L., Reed, G. M., Poznyak, V. (2019). Alcohol Use Disorders in ICD-11: Past, Present, and Future. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 43(8), 1617–1631. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14128

54.Schaler, J. A. (2011). Addiction is a choice. In Open Court.

55.Shalev, U., Morales, M., Hope, B., Yap, J., Shaham, Y. (2001). Time-dependent changes in extinction behavior and stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking following withdrawal from heroin in rats. Psychopharmacology, 156(1), 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130100748

56.Solomon, R. L., Corbit, J. D. (1974). An opponent-process theory of motivation: I. Temporal dynamics of affect. Psychological Review, 81(2), 119–145. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036128

57.Spragg, S. D. S. (1940). Morphine addiction in chimpanzees. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 15, 132.

58.Stein, D. J., Costa, D. L. C., Lochner, C., Miguel, E. C., Reddy, Y. C.J., Shavitt,R.G., van den Heuvel, O. A., Simpson, H. B. (2019). Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572–019–0102–3

59.Stewart, J., Wise, R. A. (1992). Reinstatement of heroin self-administration habits: morphine prompts and naltrexone discourages renewed responding after extinction. Psychopharmacology, 108(1–2), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245289

60.Stone, A., Becker, L., Huber, A., Catalano, R. (2012). Review of risk and protective factors of substance use and problem use in emerging adulthood. Addictive Behaviors, 37(7), 747–775.

61.Szalavitz, M. (2016). Unbroken brain: Arevolutionary new way of understanding addiction. St. Martin’s Press.

62.Tiffany, S. T. (1990). Acognitive model of drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes. Psychological Review, 97(2), 147–168. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033–295X.97.2.147

63.Turel, O., Bechara, A. (2021). Atriple-system neural model of maladaptive consumption. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 6(3), 325–333. https://doi.org/10.1086/714366

64.Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., Everitt, B. J. (2004). Compulsive After Prolonged Cocaine Self-Administration. 305(August), 1017–1020.

65.Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., Wang, G. J., Goldstein, R. Z. (2002). Role of dopamine, the frontal cortex and memory circuits in drug addiction: Insight from imaging studies. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 78(3), 610–624. https://doi.org/10.1006/nlme.2002.4099

66.Volkow, N. D., Koob, G. F., McLellan, A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(4), 363–371. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1511480

67.West, R. (2013). EMCDDA Insights Series. Models of addiction. In European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

68.West, R., Brown, J. (2006). Theory of Addiction. In Oxford: Blackwells.

69.World Health Organization. Drugs (psychoactive)– health topics. In World Health Organization. (https://www.who.int/health-topics/drugs-psychoactive#tab = tab_1)

70.International Agency for Research on Cancer. Alcohol and cancer in the WHO European Region – fact sheet. In International Agency for Research on Cancer; World Health Organization (https://www.iarc.who.int/infographics/alcohol-and-cancer-in-the-who-european-region/)

Глава 2

Эпидемиология употребления ПАВ и расстройств, связанных с их употреблением

(Ветрова М. В.)

Список сокращений

ВОЗ (WHO)


Всемирная организация здравоохранения (