Pierre Simon de Fermat was born not in 1601 as it was believed until now, but in 1607 (or in 1608) [1] in the little town of Beaumont-de-Lomagne near Toulouse. From childhood he stood out for such talent that Dominique Fermat did not spare the funds for his education and sent him to study first in Toulouse (1620 – 1625) and then in Bordeaux and Orleans (1625–1631). Pierre did not only study well, but also showed brilliant abilities that together with his mother’s kinship and financial support from his father, gave him every opportunity to get a best education as a lawyer.

During his studies the young future Senator Pierre Fermat was very keen on reading scientific literature and was so inspired by the ideas of great thinkers that he also himself felt a desire for scientific creativity. In order to learn more about what particularly interested him, he had mastered five languages4 and read with enthusiasm the works from the classics of that time. As a result, he deservedly received the highest education that just was possible in those times and deep down he cherished the dream of being able to continue work in the field of science.

If the support of Pierre Fermat’s career had ended on that, then there could be no question of a future senator since in those times even simple lawyer activity demanded the highest royal deigning. From this it becomes clear why the decisive step in Pierre’s parental care was his marriage in 1631 to Louise de Long, who was a distant relative (the fourth cousin) of his mother. It is clear that such a decision could not be spontaneous especially since such kindred marriages could be concluded only with the permission of the Pope of Rome. And once again the Dominic Fermat's money solved this not simple problem.

Louise's father was an adviser to the Toulouse Parliament and being in the service of King Louis XIII, received a noble title, so Pierre had no problems with employment. But it would be a delusion to expect that also further everything will go on easily and smoothly. After the end of the study, marriage and the beginning of work, the reality seemed to Pierre as at all not so rosy. The gray days of the hustle and bustle of earning money for daily bread went day after day and did not leave any hopes to be engaged in science. And then it was still a very great good to have within the framework of lawyer activity the ability to support though not a luxurious, but still a well-off life in those difficult times for France.

A new danger for Pierre appeared unexpectedly. The next plague epidemic claimed the life of his father-in-law and this could have a very bad effect on his fate. However, by that time he had already managed to establish friendly relations with other senators what opened for him the way to parliament and as a result it made possible to turn the misfortune in his favor. With the help of a fair amount of money, he still managed to take the vacant position of an official in charge of receiving complaints in the cassation chamber of the Toulouse parliament.

The biographers of Pierre Fermat rate his career as simply brilliant, but at that they lose sight of one very significant detail. Exactly such a career tightly closes him all even the slightest opportunities to be engaged in science. They did not take into account the fact that there is a royal directive forbidding the posts of councilors of parliament for the people engaged in scientific research that may contradict the Holy Scriptures. But since Pierre became a senator, this will put a big fat cross on his dreams of being engaged in science on a professional basis. He will carry this cross for the rest of his life.