• News editors, who oversee the news desks

• Photo or picture editors

• Section editors and their assistants, such as for business, features, and sports

• Editorial Page Editor who oversees the coverage on the editorial page. This includes chairing the Editorial Board and assigning editorial writing responsibilities. The editorial page editor may also oversee the op-ed page or those duties are assigned to a separate op-ed editor.

• Top editors, who may be called editor in chief, executive editor or sometimes just editor

• Readers’ editors, sometimes known as the ombudsman, who arbitrate complaints.

• Wire editors, who choose and edit texts from various international wire services, and are usually part of the copy desk

• Administrative editors (who actually don’t edit but perform duties such as recruiting and directing training).

The term city editor is used differently in North America and South America, where it refers to the editor responsible for the news coverage of a newspaper’s local circulation area (also sometimes called metro editor), than in the United Kingdom, where it refers to the editor responsible for coverage of business in the City of London and, by extension, coverage of business and finance in general.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is editing? What can be edited?

2. What do the editors —in- chief do? What is their main responsibility?

3. Who is responsible for news-paper layout?

4. Who answers the complaints?

5. What does a substantive editor usually do and why do they hire such editors?

6. What is the copy desk staff?

7. Why is it necessary to supervise journalists and who supervises them in the newspaper?

8. What can you tell about the duties of a production editor?

9. What does the city editor do in the USA and the UK?

10. Who is responsible for developing and maintaining the publication budget?

4. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. Editing is the process of preparing language, images, sound, video, or film through correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications in various media.

2. Editing is, therefore, also a practice that includes creative skills, human relations, and a precise set of methods.

3. Typically, one finds junior editorial assistants reporting to the senior-level editorial staff and directors who report to senior executive editors.

4.. In particular, the substantive editor and copy editor often overlap: fact-checking and rewriting can be the responsibility of either.

5. Newspaper and wire services copy editors correct spelling, grammar, and matters of house style, design pages and select of news stories for inclusion.

6. In the book publishing industry, editors organize anthologies and other compilations, produce definitive editions of a classic author’s works («scholarly editor»); and organize and manage contributions to a multi-author book (symposium editor or volume editor).

7. The executive editor sets the publication standards for performance, as well as for motivating and developing the staff. The executive editor is also responsible for developing and maintaining the publication budget.

5. Give the English equivalents from the text given above:

Процесс редактирования; путем исправления, сжатости текста, организации и корректировки; включает в себя творчески навыки; печатные средства массовой информации; младший редактор; старший редактор; часто совпадают; руководят журналистами и исправляют их ошибки; шеф-редактор, независимый редактор, написание статьи за другого; компоновка публикаций; стандарты издания (публикации); содержание издания; разнообразие названий и функций; редакторы журналов; нанимать штат; редактор-администратор; передовая статья; отвечающие на жалобы; редакторы местных новостей; редактор на радио; отвечать за освещение событий бизнеса.